1.2 Carbohydrates - monosaccharides

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Why do large molecules often contain carbon?
Because it regularly form bonds with other carbon atoms, so long chains of carbon can be built up
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Give three examples of monomers?
Monosaccharides, amino acids, and nucleotides
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What is the single unit of a carbohydrate called?
Monosaccharide
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What is the general formula for a monosaccharide?
(CH2O)n (n is any number between 3 and 7)
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Give three examples of monosaccharides?
Glucose, fructose and galactose
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What are the two isomers of glucose?
Alpha and beta glucose
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What is reduction?
A chemical reaction involving the gain of electrons or hydrogen
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What is a reducing sugar?
A sugar that can donate electrons to (or reduce) another chemical.
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What is the test for a reducing sugar?
The benedict's test
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How does the benedict's test work?
Benedict's reagent is an alkaline solution of Copper (II) sulphate. When a reducing sugar is heated with benedict's it forms an insoluble red precipitate of copper (I) oxide.
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How do you carry out the Benedict's test?
Add 2cm3 of the food sample to be tested to a test tube. If the sample is not already in liquid form, first grind it up in water. Add an equal volume of Benedict's reagent. Heat the mixture in a water bath for 5 minutes
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What is the positive result for the Benedict's test?
A change in colour from blue to green through red
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Give three examples of monomers?

Back

Monosaccharides, amino acids, and nucleotides

Card 3

Front

What is the single unit of a carbohydrate called?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is the general formula for a monosaccharide?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Give three examples of monosaccharides?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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