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  • Created by: iTsJaCkz
  • Created on: 18-04-18 10:06
What is Abstraction?
the process of removing unnecessary details so that what you are left with is a model of the same system, but only showing those details which are necessary
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Why is Abstraction needed?
so the user can understand and interact with the problem without any unnecessary information
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Difference between Abstraction and Reality
Reality is what actually exists, abstraction strips out all of the parts of any real system which are irrelevant and leaves only a sub-system of what is real
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What is Thinking Ahead?
the process of thorough planning of your code to ensure an efficient outcome
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What is Caching?
Caching is the temporary storage of data and instructions
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Advantages of Caching (State 2)
Faster access to cached resources - Saving on costly use of bandwidth - Reduced load on web services in a client-server environment
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Disadvantages of Caching
Slower performance if the resource isn't found in the cache - Being given a stale copy of a resource when an up-to-date copy is needed
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What is Procedural decomposition?
means breaking a problem into a number of sub-problems, so that each sub-problem accomplishes an identifiable task
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What are preconditions?
Conditions set by the programmer to prevent the program from crashing from an invalid input.
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What is the difference between a function and a procedure?
A function outputs one value where as a procedure does not
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What is concurrent processing?
In computing, concurrent processing means that multiple processors execute instructions simultaneously
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What is an Iterative and Recursive Function?
an iterative function is one that loops to repeat some part of the code, and a recursive function is one that calls itself again to repeat the code.
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What are Global and Local Variables?
Global variables are declared outside any function, and they can be accessed (used) on any function in the program. Local variables are declared inside a function, and can be used only inside that function
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Difference between passing by reference and passing by value
Pass by reference means the value passed is the original, value means it is a copy
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What is modular programming?
Modular programming is a software design technique that emphasizes separating the functionality of a program into independent, interchangeable modules
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What is an IDE?
An integrated development environment is a software application that provides comprehensive facilities to computer programmers for software development
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Uses of an IDE (3)
Refactoring (massive one) - Organise imports - Warning-as-you-type
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What is Encapsulation?
Encapsulation is the process of combining data and functions into a single unit (use of getters and setters)
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What is Polymorphism?
the concept that objects of different types can be accessed through the same interface.
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What is divide and conquer?
Is recursively breaking down a problem into two or more sub-problems of the same or related type, until these become simple enough to be solved directly
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What is pipelining?
is a set of data processing elements connected in series, where the output of one element is the input of the next one.
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What is an Heuristic
is a technique designed for solving a problem more quickly when classic methods are too slow, or for finding an approximate solution when classic methods fail to find any exact solution.
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What is Backtracking?
Backtracking is a step in solving a computing problem after all possibilities have been identified,
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What is Datamining?
the process of discovering interesting and useful patterns and relationships in large volumes of data.
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What is Performance Modelling?
Performance modelling is the process of simulating various user and system loads against varying system configurations by using a mathematical approximation of how the model works.
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What is Visualisation?
Visualization is the process of representing abstract business or scientific data as images that can aid in understanding the meaning of the data.
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Describe the five main classifications used in Big O notation and give an example of an algorithm for each of the time complexities
O(1) - Indexing an Array... O(logN) - Binary Search... O(N) - Linear Search... O(N²) - Bubble or Insertion... O(2n) - Intractable Problems
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Address what a Stack is
LIFO linear lists
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Address what a Queue is
FIFO linear lists
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What is a Dynamic and Static Data Structure?
Dynamic Structure meaning it can grow and shrink according to how much data is contains. Static means it cannot be edited.
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What are linear lists?
This means each data item only points to the one before it and after it.They have the idea of order built into them, such as 'last' or 'first'. But they do not imply there is any relationship between the data items themselves.
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Name the labels on a Tree and a Binary Tree
TREE - ROOT, NODE, BRANCH AND CHILD... BINARY - ROOT, LEFT, RIGHT, SIBLING
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

so the user can understand and interact with the problem without any unnecessary information

Back

Why is Abstraction needed?

Card 3

Front

Reality is what actually exists, abstraction strips out all of the parts of any real system which are irrelevant and leaves only a sub-system of what is real

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

the process of thorough planning of your code to ensure an efficient outcome

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

Caching is the temporary storage of data and instructions

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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