What are the two main forms of co-ordination in mammals?
The nervous system and the hormonal system.
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Describe the nervous system?
Uses nerve cells to pass electrical impulses across their length. They stimulate their target cells by secreting NEUROTRANSMITTERS. The responses produced are short-lived and restricted to a localised region of the body.
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Describe the hormonal system?
produces hormones that are transported in blood plasma to their target cells, which they then stimulate. This results in a slower, less specific form of communication between parts of an organism. The responses are long-lasting and widespread.
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What are chemical medatiors?
Chemicals that are released from certain mammalian cells and have an effect on cells in their vicinity.
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Which cells typically release chemical mediators?
Infected or injured cells
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What do chemical mediators cause?
They cause the arteries/ arterioles to dilate, which leads to a rise in temperature and swelling of the affected area.
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Which chemical mediator is released typically in response to an allergen?
Histamine.
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Which chemical mediator is released typically in rsponse to an injury?
Prostaglandis
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Where is histamine stored?
In white blood cells
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Where is prostaglandis stored?
In cell membranes.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Describe the nervous system?
Back
Uses nerve cells to pass electrical impulses across their length. They stimulate their target cells by secreting NEUROTRANSMITTERS. The responses produced are short-lived and restricted to a localised region of the body.
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