Witte helping Russian Industrialisation

How Witte Obtained the Capital for Industrial Development

• Increased indirect taxes - heavy taxation
• Mounted drive to swell grain export
• Reduced imports by increasing tariffs (Protected Tariffs)
• Tariff Act 1891: duties increased so Russian Iron, industrial machinery and raw cotton were heavily protected
• Import duties reached 33%

Agricultural Developments 1881-1904

• Criticised for no policies
• Increased extraction of grain from peasants by over…