Waves - Physics

WAVES

Mirrors

Concave Mirrors

- straight to mirror then reflected back through focal point

- through focal point to mirror then straight

- of the middle of the mirror then back at the same angle

- straight through centre of curvature

Convex Mirrors

Focal and centre of curvature on the other side of the mirror from the object

- straight line to mirror then reflected off traced from focal point 

- toward the focal point but reflects straight off the mirror, traced straight line on other side

- off the middle of mirror and reflected off at same angle, traced line of reflected ray

- straight to centre of curvature with traced line after ray reaches mirror.

Concave Mirror Table

Outisde C             - Diminished Real Inverted

On C                     - Same size Real Inverted

Between C and F - Enlarged Real Inverted

On F                      - No Image

Inside F                  - Enlarged Virtual Upright

If Rays are parting out trace back behind mirror

Convex mirrors are always diminished, virtual and upright

Convex mirrors are divirging mirrors which means no real light rays intersect on the same side of the mirror as the light source. This means all images in a convex mirror are virtual. The iamge formed by the convex mirror is diminshed as the rays travel less before they appear to meet.

A concave mirror is a converging mirror, which means real light rays will intersect to create an image. The image formed is enlarged becuase the reflected rays travel longer before they meet.

A real image is where rays converge and a virtual image is only where they appeared to converge.

To change the appearance of an image the object could be moved closer to the focal point of the mirror/lense. A thinner or less curved mirror/lense could be used which would increase the focal length or the refractive index could be decreased so the focal length increases.

Formulas

1/f = 1/do+di

siso=f2

m= di/do = hi/ho

n1sinθ1=n2sinθ2

n1/n2=v2/v1=λ2/λ1=sinθ2/sinθ1

v=fλ

f - focal point

do - distance to object

di - distance to image

m - magnification

hi - height of image

ho - height of object

so - object distance from focal

si - image distance from focal

n1 - refractive index medium 1

n2 - refractive index medium 2

θ - angle of incidence

θ - angle of refraction

v - velocity (m/s)

f - frequency (Hz)

λ - wavelength (m)

Refraction

If the…