Volcano Management and Geysers

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Geysers and hot springs
A geyser is an intermediate turbulent discharge of superheated water ejected and accompanied by a vapour phase.
Where the hot water is on its way upwards, it mixes with muds near the surface, a bubbling, boiling mud volcano may form. Sometimes geysers become tourist attractions like in Iceland.

Fumaroles
Where superheated water turns to steam as it condenses on the surface. These are typical in Solfatara in Italy.

Intrusive Features

Majority of the magma does not reach the surface but cools to form coarser-grained igneous rocks beneath the ground.
Batholiths form when large masses of magma cool very slowly, producing coarse-grained rocks.
Examples: Granites that lie under Shap and Skiddaw in the Lake District.

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