Urbanisation:Mumbai,Dharavi (World Cities)

Mumbai is the largest city in India and the fourth largest city in the world (city population 13 million; metropolitan are population 20.5 million in 2012). It is the commercial capital of India and a global financial hub. It is located on a peninsula on the western coast of Maharashtra.

Some Push and Pull factors to travel to Mumbai

Push

Pull

The Green Revolution has reduced farm work in rural areas as more machinery is now used.

Jobs offer higher pay than farm work but the reality is often that skills are required to take some positions that the majority do not have.

Young people see farming as hard work with long hours and low pay

Mumbai is the financial capital of India many Indian companies have their headquarters there

Incomes are very low and it is hard to clothe and house and feed more children. There is malnutrition and overcrowding.

Good schools and universities and decent hospitals and dentists

Functions of Mumbai

Mumbai has several main functions. Specialisation in industries such as finance and film help explain the presence of important clusters. Clusters attract investment in skills, machines and technology which lead to higher productivity.

Mumbai is the commercial capital of India. Institutions like Reserve Bank of India, Bombay Stock Exchange and National Stock Exchange Board of India has now resided its firms in the thriving city. In addition to this new industries have been established in the city over the past 20 years. Also there is may IT businesses which have set up. This industry has been the fundamental reason as to why Mumbai’s growth is so fast. It is a hub for many global TNC’s to carry on with trade.

Mumbai accounts for 40% of India’s foreign trade.  The Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport is the main aviation hub in the city. The capacity of the airport is being increased to handle up to 40 million passengers annually. Mumbai Port remains one of the world’s best natural harbours. It has many other links like railways too which can connect to most of India and the majority of Asia. This can help imports/exports which in turn may result in a GDP increase.

Mumbai is a haven for innovation and research. With one of the world’s best premier scientific and nuclear institutes it boasts a high productivity level in masses amounts of skilled workers. These expertise can help foreign trade and GDP increases. In addition, Bombay has a very big film industry called “Bollywood” which is the informal term used for the Hindi-language industry. It generates a lot of tourism and interest from countries from all around the world.

Growth of Population in Mumbai

Census

Population

Growth in %

1971

597,057,5

-

1981

824,340,5

38.1%

1991

992,589,1

20.4%

2001

119,143,98

20.0%

2011

124,784,47

4.7%

As Mumbai is restricted through its physical geography it cannot grow in a typical way in which other inland cities like Madrid or London could grow. Therefore growth is…