UNIT 2 NATURES CHEMISTRY
- Created by: emd001
- Created on: 18-01-17 17:53
HOMOLOGOUS SERIES
a homolgous series is a family of compounds with similar chemical properties that can be represented by a chemical formulae.
ALKANES
-alkanes are HYDROCARBONS (made up of carbon and hydrogen atoms only)
-end in -ANE
-uses such as gas fro cooking and octane for petrol in cars
-methane, ethane ,propane,butane
GENERAL FORMULAE: CnH2n+2
- BP of alkanes increases, flammability decreases as carbon chain length increases
ALKENES
-second homologous series of HYDROCARBONS
- end in -ENE
-contain a carbon to carbon double bond (unsaturated)
-(no methene) ethene, propene, butene
-GENERAL FORMUALE: CnH2n
CYCLOALKANES
-third homologous series of HYDROCARBONS
- end in -ANE, start in -CYCLO
-cyclopropane (starts from 3 carbons)
SATURATED ( full, ie no double bonds) AND UNSATURATED (double bonds, can break)
ADDITION REACTIONS
-alkenes more reactive as they are unsaturated
-double bond allows them to take part in ADDITION REACTION, then becoming saturated
ISOMERS
- ISOMERS ARE COMPOUNDS THAT HAVE THE SAME MOLECULAR FORMULA BUT DIFFERENT STRUCTUAL FOMULAS.
-isomers have diffent properties because they have different structures
CONSUMER PRODUCTS
alcohols:
-GENERAL FORMULAE: Cn H2n+1 O H
-alkonals, compounds with the hydroxyl functional group (-OH)
-functional group is what dicates the properties of alcohols, the way it…
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