1.3 Objectivism

Objective moral values

Objectivism

their view on morality is that what is morally right or wrong is not something we can create or alter for ourselves.
Instead, there is an authority which exists independently of our own ideas and which needs to be discovered and obeyed.
They do not all agree where this authority is located and what it actually says.
They agree that its existence is in no way dependent on our culture or on us and that is our duty to obey.

The Divine Command Theory

Some argue that the only authority that could command our obedience would be the Creator of Life itself for only He/She could say with authority how we ought to be living our lives.
Things that are wrong are only wrong should God forbid them.
Idea that without a Creator God, humans would become merely animals that 'turned up' in this world by accident.
'If God does not exist then everything is permitted.'
This theory is why everything is not permitted.
Natural Lae theory of Thomas Aquinas - obedience to God is the greatest of all moral virtues.
Utilitarianism of William Paley.
John Duns and William of Ockham (page 44).
Andrew of Neufchateau
Matin Luther and John Calvin endorsed the divine command conception.
Kierkegaard,
Contemporary divine command theorists disagree about how to conceive of the precise relation between e.g.- being morally wrong andd being forbidden by God.
Monotheists should be sympathetic to an ethics of divine commands.

Criticisms

DIFFERENT RULE BOOKS.
Different religions have different rules and they tend to contradict one another.
The rules in these books are not always clear.
Therefore, some say The Divine Command Theory does not provide us with clear guidance on the moral moves we should make in life

Genesis 22 - Abraham Tested

Response 1: S. Kierkegaard (fear and trembling)

Response 2: M.Boylan (A Just Society)

Jean-Paul Satre

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