Topic 11 - Group 7, chlorine

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  • Created by: E456
  • Created on: 07-04-17 10:03

CHLORINE

  • It is obtained as a by-product in the manufacture of sodium hydroxide. At the anode, chloride ions lost electrons to the external circuit. 
  • In the laboratory it is prepared by the action of hot, concentrated hydrochloric acid on manganese(IV) oxide. If the gas is required pure, it is passed through a small quantity of water to remove hydrogen chloride spray, then concentrated sulphuric acid to dry it, and then collected by downward delivery. It is not generally collected over water as it is moderately soluble (only a small amount of water is used to remove the HCl).
  • Properties of chlorine:
    • geenish-yellow gas with pungent smell.
    • very poisonous. 
    • does not burn in the air and extinguishes a lighted splint.
    • reacts with water to form two acids.
    • can combine directly with all metals and non-metals - except oxygen, nitrogen, carbon and the noble gases.
    • many elements can burn in chlorine, forming chlorides. 

Test for chlorine

Chlorine turns damp blue litmus paper red, and then bleaches it. The bleaching is due to the chloric(I) acid.

  • Uses of chlorine:
    • sterilises drinking water and swimming pools.
    • used as a…

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