The Demographic Transition Model

The Demographic Transition Model is a graph that shows changes in birth rate, death rate and total population size for a human population over a long period of time. It is divided into five stages. 

Stage 1

Birth rate and death rate fluctuate at a high level. The population stays low. 

Birth rate is high because there's no birth control or family planning and education is poor. Lots of children die young (high infant mortality rate), so parents have more children so enough survive to wor on farms, as well as look after them in later life. 

Death rate is high because there's poor health care, sanitation and diet, leading to disease and starvation. 

Stage 2

Death rate falls, birth…