The principle of homeostasis and blood glucose regulation

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Blood temperature range (35.8-37.5 degrees) 

  • Temperature receptors in the skin detect changes in the temperature of blood. 
  • They pass this information to the hypothalamus (processing center in the brain). 
  • The hypthalamus automatically triggers changes to the effectors, which are sweat glands and muscles. 
  • The processing ceneter sends nerve impulses to the skin, which has two ways to either increase of decrease heat loss from the body's surface. 
  • Hairs on the skin trap more warmth if they are standing up, and less if they are lying flat. 
  • Tiny muscles in the skin can quickly pull the hairs upright to reduce heat loss, or lay them down flat to increase the heat loss. 
  • If the body is too hot, glands in the skin can secrete sweat onto the surface to increase heat loss by evaporation. This cools the body. 

Blood glucose range (82-110 mg/dL)

  • Glucose is a suagr needed by cells for respiation. 
  • Insulin, a hormone secreted by the pancreas, controls blood sugar levels. 
  • If the glucose level is too high the pancreas secrets insulin into the blood, the liver converted glucose to glycogen and the glucose level goes down. 
  • If the glucose level is too low the pancreas dooes not secret insulin into the blood, the liver does not convert glucose into glycogen, causing the glucose level to go up. 

Blood pH range (7.35-7.45)

  • Buffers dissolved in the blood keep the pH of blood relatively constant. 
  • Other organs help enhance the homeostatic function of the ubffers.
  • The kidneys help remove excess chemicals from the blood. 
  • It is the kidneys that ultimately remove the H+ ions.
  • The lungs provide a faster way to help control the…

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