the particulate nature of matter
- Created by: akv1234
- Created on: 05-11-16 13:32
States Of Matter
property
solid
liquid
gas
shape
definite
Takes shape of bottom of container
Takes shape of whole container
volume
definite
definite
Changes to fill whole container
Arrangement of particles
Packed close together, regular arrangement
Particles are close together but random arrangement
Large distance between particles and have a random arrangement
Movement of particles
Vibrate about a fixed point
Can slip and slide in a continuous random movement
Continuous rapid random movement
Density
High due to closely packed particles
Less than solids
low
Forces of attraction
Very strong
weak
Virtually non-existent
diffusion
Little diffusion
Slow diffusion
Rapid diffusion
Compressible
no
No, particles are still too close to be compressed.
Easily compressed due to large gaps between particles
The kinetic theory -
- When a solid is heated, the particles vibrate about a fixed point. This causes particles to move further apart and so the solid expands.
- When particles gain sufficient energy to overcome the forces of attraction holding then together, they can move out of their fixed positions. They can slip and slide past each other in a continuous random motion. When this happens the solid melts.
- The particles in a liquid are still close to each other. They have enough kinetic energy to move around each other closely, but not enough to overcome the forces holding then together.
- More heat energy is supplied and they move faster till they overcome the forces holding them together. The particles escape from the liquid surface and move in continuous rapid random motion. The liquid…
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