Structure and properties of ionic and covalent compounds

Lewis symbols 

• Developed by G.N.lewis early in the twentith century, uses the atomic symbol to represent the nucleus and core electrons and dots to represent valence electrodes. 

Principle types of chemical bonds, ionic and covalent 

• Ionic bonding involves a transfer of one or more electrons from one atom to another. 
• Covalent bonding involves a sharing of electrons 

Electronegativity 

• Measure of the ability of an atom to attract electrons in a chemical bond. 

Writing formulas of ionic compounds from the identities of component ions 

• Charge of each ion can usually be determined from the group on the periodic table in which the parent element is found. 
• Cations and anions must ccombine in such a way that the resulting formula has a net charge of zero.

Writing names of ionic compounds from the formulas of the compounds 

• Naming ionic compounds, name of the cation appears first, followed by the name of the anion. 
• Ionic compound consists of a metal cation and a nonmetal anion. 
• Cation has the name of the meatal, anion is named using the stem of the nonmetal name joined to the suffix -ide. 

Covalent compounds 

• Conventions for naming covaleeny compounds 
• Names of the elements are written in order in which they appear in formula 
• A predix indicating the number of each kind of atom found in the unit is placed before the name of the element 
• Of only one atom of a particular kind is the first element present in the molecule, the prefix is usually omitted from the first element 
• The stem of the name of the last element is used with the siffix -ide
• The final vowel in a prefix is oftern dropped before oxide

Properties of…