Stress and Strain

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A material subject to a pair of opposite forces might deform. If the forces stretch the material, they are tensile. If they squash the material, they are compressive.

  • Tensile stress= Force applied / cross-sectional area.
  • Units: Nm^-2 OR Pa
  • Tensile strain = extension / original length 
  • Units: it is a ratio so no units!
  • Same equations apply whether force is tensile or compressive!

As the force increases, stress increases:

  • The atoms get pulled apart from one another.

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