Solutions

• A solution is composed of one or more solutes, dissolved in a solvent. 
• Solute is a component of a solution of a solution that is present in lesser quanity than the solvent. 
• Solvent is the solution component present in the largest quanity. 
• Solution of electrolytes are formed from solutes that are soluble ionic compounds. 
• Compounds dissociate in solution to produce ions that nehave as charge carriers. 
• Solutions of electrolytes are good conductors of electricity. 
• Example sodium chloride in water. 
• NaCL ->Na +Cl 
• Solutions of nonelectrolytes are formed from nondissociating molecular solutes, and these solutions are nonconducting. 
• A true solution is a homogenous mixture with uniform properties throughout. 
• A true solution, solute cannot be isolated from the solution by filtiration. 
• Particle size and the solute is about the same as that of the solvent, solvent and solute pass through the dilter paper. 
• Solute particles will not settle out over time. 

True solutions, colloidal dispersion and supensions 

• A clear liquid in a neaker may be a pure substance, a true solution ofr a collodial dispersiom. 
• Only chemical anaysis, determing the identity of all substances in the liquid, can distingusih between a pure substance and a solution. 
• Pure substamce has one component, pure water. 
• True solution will cotain more than one substance, with tiny particles homogenerously intermingled. 

Degree of solubiility 

• Relationship of polarity and solubility, rule like dissolves like was described as the dundamental condition of solubility. 
• Polar solutes are soluble in polar solvents, nonpolar solutes are soluble in nonpolar solvents. 
• Degree of solubility can dissolve in a given volume of solevent, is a quantative measure of solubility. 
• Difficult to predict the solubility of each and every compound. 
• General solubility trends are based on following consideration such as the magnitude of diffrence between polarity of solute and solvent. 
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