Social psychological explanations: Frustration-aggression
- Created by: Emilywilkinson12
- Created on: 20-04-18 10:10
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- Social psychologucal explanations: Frustration-aggression:
- AO1:
- Frustration always leeads to aggression, and aggression is always the result of frustration:
- Dollard et al's hypothesis is based on the psychodynamic approach - aggression is a psychologiucal drive similar to biological drives (e.g. Hunger) and we experience frustration if our attempt to achieve a goal is blocked by an external factor. Frustration creates an aggressive drive leading to aggressive behaviour (violent fantasy, verbal outburst, physical violece).
- Aggressive behaviour is cathartic:
- Expression of the aggressive drive in behaviour is cathartic becaise the aggression created by the frustration is satisfied. This reduces the frive for making further aggression less likely - we feel better for getting it 'off our chest'.
- Aggression may be expressed indirectly:
- bacuase the cause of frustration is: Abstract (the government), Too powerful and we risk punishment (a teacher who gave a low grade) or Unavailable (the teacher left before you saw the grade). So our aggression is displaced (deflected) onto an alternative - one that isnt abstract, is weaker and is available (an object, pet, younger sibling etc).
- The weapones effect shows that cues make aggression more likely:
- Berkowitz and LePage found once students became frustrated in a lab task, they were more likely to give (fake) electric shocks when they could see a weapon next to them. Weapons effect shows that frustration only creates a readiness for aggression - and then aggressive cues in the environment make it more likely that aggression will happen (the finger pulls the trigger, but the trigger mayt also be pulling the finger).
- Key study: Geen, Frustration aggression:
- Procedure: Male university students completed a jigsaw puzzle, during which level of frustration was manipulated in one of three ways:
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