Role of Education (Fn, Mx, NR)

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  • Created by: Ayuki
  • Created on: 24-05-22 12:02

Role of the education
Functionalism
Neoliberalism and New Rights
Marxism

Functionalism -
Functionalism is about the consensus value and agreement amongst members in society.

The theory focuses on the role of social institutions such as education and its contribution in society to help maintain the society functioning.

DURKHEIM the founder of sociology came up with two terms to explain the importance of education, these are called SOCIAL SOLIDARITY and SPECIALIST SKILLS.

  • The term SOCIAL SOLIDARITY means that the education helps the individuals to work together by teaching and transmitting values through subjects like history which instils values of shared heritage and community. The education, therefore, acts as a SOCIETY IN MINIATURE which means the schools have values and rules just like the society that prepares us for future life in wider society.
  • SPECIALIST SKILLS are the skills that we are taught in schools and the skills that cannot be taught elsewhere. The school teaches us to be a productive member and cooperative which is needed in the wider society. When an individual starts working they need to perform their role by using their specialist skill and implement it into their workplace.

PARSONS came up with the term MERITOCRACY and two types of standards i.e. PARTICULARISTIC and UNIVERSALISTIC.

  • He believes that education acts as a bridge between family and wider society. Both family and society have different principles and standards. This is explained through terms like PARTICULARISTIC which is found in families as different families have different rules and values for their children however in society the standards are UNIVERSALISTIC which simply means everyone has to follow the same rules and regulations. This is similar to what happens in schools, every pupil has to follow the same standards.
  • The universalistic standards also explains the term MERITOCRACY which basically means everyone is given equal opportunity to achieve their ability. Education does the same by judging every student based on their ability.

DAVIS AND MOORE came up with the term ROLE ALLOCATION
They meant that schools select and allocate the pupils to their future work which in simple terms, means that schools help the pupils to match the jobs for them for which they are best suited to.

  • Education is basically a device for selection and allocation.
  • According to D and M inequality is necessary to make sure the most important roles are filled by the most talented people. And education is a place where individuals can show their ability.

CRITICISMS

  • There are still doubts about how contemporary society is based on universalistic values because factors like class influences the ability of the student. Those who inherit wealth can have an advantage but those from low income families cannot showcase their ability in education due to the materials they lack.
  • Marxists believe that education only transmits the ideology and creates inequality between those who are rich and those who are poor.
    Feminists argue that school instil patriarchal values.
  • Other critics believe that the link between educational qualification and job is weak as what…

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Ayuki

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The brackets used in the New Right section shows the SIMILARITIES between Fn and NR. After the brackets are the views of NR :)