Research into long-term memory

Encoding

Baddeley (1966)

• Aim:  Investigating encoding in the LTM. 
• Procedure: -Four groups were given a list of ten words.
  -Group 1 = acousticall similar words.
  -Group 2= acoustically dissimilar words.
  -Group 3 = semantically similar words
  -Group 4- semantically dissimilar words.
  After a 20 min interval they were asked to serial recall the words. 
• Findings: -Semantically similar words had 55% accuracy. 
  -Semantically dissimlar words had 85% accuracy. 
• Conclusion: LTM uses semantic coding, as shown by participants having difficult recallign words of a similar meaning. 

Duration

Bahrick et al (1975)

• Aim: Investigating the total duration…