reliability and validity in diagnosis of classification of schizophrenia

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  • Created by: maisha
  • Created on: 13-03-21 15:55

ao1:

Schizophrenia is a severe mental illness characterised by profound disruption of cognition and emotion and occurs in about 1% of the population positive symptoms of schizophrenia are additional experiences to a normally functioning people such as hallucinations and delusions hallucinations include hearing voices and delusions are irrational beliefs such as the feeling of being an important historical figure. negative symptoms of schizophrenia are those that typical people can do but a schizophrenic cannot. for example, avolition is reduced motivation to begin /maintain goal directed activities in order to achieve a result and speech poverty is a lack of verbal fluency and production. The classification of schizophrenia is the process of organising symptoms into categories this involves using either the international classification of diseases ICD or the diagnostic and statistical manual for mental disorders DSM. when using the DSM, positive symptoms like delusions and hallucinations must be present for diagnosis whereas the ICD requires two or more negative symptoms. as well as this, the DSM groups mental disorders in terms of their common features. However, the most recent version of the ICD divides symptoms in the positive and negative. the diagnosis of schizophrenia is the identification of an illness depending on which category of the classification system the symptoms fall into.

 

ao3:

interrater reliability is the extent to which different assessors come to the same conclusion on a particular patient. this is measured by a grey kappa score, where a score of 0.7 or above indicates good interrater reliability. in the classification of schizophrenia there is a lack of evidence that the DSM is always being used with high reliability. for example, Whaley found that interrater reliability correlations in the diagnosis of schizophrenia were as low as

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