Reforms under each revolutionary government in France
- Created by: Bryony Durham
- Created on: 31-05-14 17:48
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- Reforms made before the constitutional monarchy
- The august decrees (5th-11th August 1789)
- Abolished
- Tithes
- Venality
- Financial privileges
- special priveleges for areas/persons
- All persons to be taken equally
- All citizens, regardless of birth, were eligible for all offices (ecclesiastic, civil or military)
- Abolished
- The august decrees (5th-11th August 1789)
- Reforms made by the national assembly/ national constituent assembly
- Constitution
- A constitutional monarchy was put in place: the king still has power in the form of a suspensive veto, but is subject to an elected assembly
- The right to vote restricted to active citizens- males over 25 resident in one place for a year and paid 3 days wages/labour in taxes
- To stand for office or become a deputy, you had to pay more taxes (10 days or 50 days wages respectively)
- Economic, Taxes and Finance
- Indirect taxes, tax farming and state monopolies all abolished
- 3 new taxes introduced
- Contributions foncières (universal land tax)
- Mobliere (tax on moveable goods)
- Patente (tax on commercial profits)
- Free Trade for grain introduced August 1789
- October 1790 internal tariffs abolished, creating national market for first time.
- A single system of weights and measures was also introduced
- Church Land nationalised on 2nd November 1789
- Assignats brought in to purchase land and soon became a new currency
- State took over clerical responsibilities including clerical salaries, poor relief and education
- Local government
- 3 tier system of departments, districts and communes loosened central control
- Officers elected to councils by active citizens
- Councils responsible for law and order, taxes, amenities such as roads and church maintenance, and the national guard
- The Law
- Justice intended to be free, fair and universally available
- A single legal system was introduced
- New system of law courts replaced the old parlements. Tribunals established at each level to deal with different crimes, as well as a central court of appeal and a high court for treason.
- Torture, branding and hanging forbidden
- Judges and magistrates elected by active citizens
- Criminal cases to be tried by jury
- Religious reforms
- Tithes, pluralism, the don gratuit, annates and monastic orders who work with the poor all abolished
- Protestants granted equal rights and religious tolerence
- The civil constitution of the clergy
- Oath to state by the clergy
- Caused a split in the church; those who didn't make it were called refractory priests
- Constitution
- Reforms under the Terror
- CPS (committee of public safety) 6th April 1793
- Set up to supervise and speed up the activities of ministers
- Officially to deal with the war effort
- Revolutionary tribunal 10th March 1793
- Court set up to try those suspected of being counter revolutionaries quickly. Eventually an identity check is enough to be a guilty verdict.
- CGS (Committee of general safety)
- Responsible for rooting out counter revolutionaries and dealing with internal security. Controls large spy network and secret police force
- Representatives-on-mission
- Mainly Jacobin deputies from convention sent to provinces to reassert government authority
- The Armees revolutionary
- Sans Culottes volunteers who acted on behalf of authorities to seize grain, destroy counter revolutionaries and attack anyone hoarding
- The…
- CPS (committee of public safety) 6th April 1793
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