Protein manufacture

• The order of the bases on a DNA strand forms the genetic code.
• There are only four bases (Adenine A; cytosine C; guanine G; thymine T) but they can be arranged in an sequence, for example ATTAGCG

• There are 20 different amino acids in human proteins. 
• A cell uses the sequence of bases in DNA to synthesise (build) chains of these amino acids
• These chains then form protein. This process is called protein synthesis

• Each amino acid is identified by a different group of bases. 
• A specific order of bases in DNA produces a specific order of amino acids in the chain and so produces a particular protein.

Transcription

• The process of making a protein takes place in two stages. The first is transcription, which take place inside the nucleus. 
• Here, the DNA in a gene unzips by breaking the weak hydrogen bonds between bases in the double helix
• One…