Periodic Table Groups

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Alkali Metals

The elements found in group 1 are known as alkali metals , they have 1 electron in their outer shell which is usally given away during chemical reactions . All metal react with water to produce a metal hydroxide and gas

Lithium (Li)

  • electron structure (2.1)
  • Least reactive
  • Burns with a red flame when it reacts with oxygen
  • Floats on the surface and there are bubbles of hydrogen gas
  • Fizzes steadly and floats until it dissappears 

Sodium (Na)

  • electron structure (2.8.1)
  • More reactive than lithium because it's outer electron is futher than the nucleus
  • Metal floats on the surface then it burns with a yellow/orange flame when reacting with oxygen
  • When reacting with water, sodium fizzes and metals to produce a ball which moves around on the water surface

Potassium (K)

  • electron structure (2.8.8.1)
  • More reactive than sodium and lithium because it's outer electron is least reactive and futher away from nucleus
  • Metal floats on surface and when burnt with oxygen releases lilac flame.
  • When reacting with water, the hydrogen produced ignites instantly ans the metal also sets alight.

Properties of alkali metals:

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