Organic Chemistry

Keywords:

• Organic - A compound containing carbon, except from carbon dioxide.
• Homologuous series - A group of compounds containing the same functional group. Each successive compound differs by CH2.
• Functional group - A group of atoms which affect the characteristics of the compound.
• Molecular formula - How many atoms there are.
• Structural formula - CH3CH2CH3
• Displayed formula - Structural plus all of the bonds.
• General formula - The simplest algebraic formula for compounds in a homologuous series.
• Aliphatic - Straight chained or branched.
• Alicyclic - Ring
• Aromatic -  Contains a benzene ring
• Saturated - Contains single covalent bonds between the carbon atoms. All carbon atoms have the maximum number of bonds possible.
• Unsaturated - Contains double covalent bonds. The carbon atoms do not contain the maximum number of bonds.

Naming:

METH - 1
ETH - 2
PROP - 3
BUT - 4 
PENT - 5
HEX - 6 
HEPT - 7
OCT - 8
NON - 9
DEC -10

Di - 2
Tri - 3
Tetra - 4

Haloalkanes:

Alkanes react with halogens in a process called free radical substitution.
There are 3 stages: Integration, propagation and termination.

Intergration: The covalent bond in the halogen breaks forming two free radicals.
Propagation: Free radical reacts with a compound, methane, this produces a methl…