Music Set Works - Pearson

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  • Created by: abbiedye
  • Created on: 21-07-18 22:28

Samba Em Preludio

Texture

  • the opening consists of only a bass guitar - monophonic
  • vocals add texture - bass moves between a counterpoint line and chords
  • much sparser texture after instrumental in verse 3 - fewer notes and chords
  • polyphonic/contrapuntal texture

Rhythm/Metre/Tempo

  • No drum kit - can hear implied bossa nova rhythm (slow tempo)
  • written rhythms - difficult when written 
  • opening - fairly free tempo - a sense of the pulse moving
  • clearly in 4/4 - rubato feel
  • bossa nova groove - bar 19
  • emphasis on syncopated rhythm

Instrumentation

  • guitar style - influenced by flamenco
  • like early bossa nova pieces - the instrumentation is stripped back and only contains female vocals, acoustic bass guitar, and nylon-string guitar
  • both the guitar and bass have a solo - common in jazz

Tonality and Harmony

  • the piece is in B minor
  • chords often feature extended chords which can provide dissonance - jazz harmony

Melody

  • syllabic
  • ascending broken chords - vocals
  • stepwise movement in melody
  • guitar solo uses tremolo picking and fast arpeggios
  • modern piece - ornamentation
  • vocals - sequences

Structure

  • aspects of the Jazz 'head' arrangement (intro - verse 1 - break - verse 2 - instrumental - verse 3 - coda (ABA form)
  • opens with an ad lib bass solo
  • ends with a guitar flourish and vocals die away

Purcell

Rhythm, Metre, and Tempo

  • no tempo marking - fairly slow pace
  • dotted rhythms in the right hand of the harpsichord are characteristics of stile Italiano

Features of Baroque Music

  • basso continuo - harpsichord and cello
  • lots of ornamentation 
  • imitation
  • suspension
  • Tierce d Picardie

Melody

  • dissonance - creates tension
  • ornamentation
  • first few bars - syllabic 
  • interjections (swapped phrases)
  • harpsichord - ornamentation
  • combination of syllabic and melismatic

Texture

  • homophonic or melody and accompaniment

Instrumentation

  • basso continuo - harpsichord, lute, and viol
  • solo voice - soprano or countertenor - bar 4

Tonality and Harmony

  • Tierce d Picardie
  • opening chord - Am (possible key)
  • ground bass - (left hand of harpsichord), chromatic notes, perfect cadence
  • modulates to dominant (Em)

Structure

  • rounded binary form
  • ground bass
  • intro (bars 1-3)
  • section A (bars 4-21)
  • section B (bars 22-28)
  • section AI (bars 19-38)
  • Da Capo Aria Style - ABAI

 

Bach

Rhythm, Metre, and Tempo

  • Tempo - fast (Allegro)
  • 2/4 - dance (Gigue) - triplets = 6/8 feel
  • 6/8 metre/compound time

Features of Romantic Music

  • Concerto Grosso
  • two sections - antiphonal effects or dialogue between them
  • one mood per movement (gigue creates an upbeat mood)

Melody

  • A section - does not exceed an octave
  • entries overlap - stretto - adds intensity
  • real answers (copies) and tonal answers
  • B - variation on flute part + quiet dynamics
  • sequences, suspensions, and pedals
  • trills prolong notes - harpsichord
  • acciaccatura
  • B section based on A section

Texture

  • contrapuntal - polyphonic (instruments)
  • imitation - answer
  • beginning - monophonic or a two-part counterpoint
  • limited to terraced dynamics
  • B section - opens with a homophonic texture
  • a dialogue between instruments (call and response)

Instrumentation

  • Concerto Grosso
  • Concertante - flute + violin
  • Ripieno - everyone else (violin, viola, harpsichord, double bass, cello)

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