Memory studies

Peterson & Peterson (1959) - MULTISTORE EXPLANATION OF MEMORY ST STORE

Aim: see if rehearsal was nescessary to hold info in st store

Method: pps given set of 3 letters to memorise but immediately asked to count backwards in 3s aloud for diff lengths time. Done to prevent rehearsal. pps then asked to recall letters in correct order.

Results: pps forgot virtually all info after 18 secs

Conclusion: cannot hold info in st store unless rehearsed

Murdock (1962) - MULTISTORE EXPLANATION OF MEMORY

Aim: to provide evidence to suupport multi-store explanation of memory

Method: pps learned list of words presented 1 at a time, 2 secs per word, then recall any order.

Results: words at end recalled first (recency). Words at start of list recalled quite well (primacy) but middle words not recalled well at all.

Conclusion: This provides evidence for separate st & lt stores

Wynn & Logie (1998) - RECONTRUCTIVE MEMORY

Aim: To see if recall of familiar stories changed in same way Bartlett found with unfamiliar stories.

Method: Asked uni students to recall details of first week several times in year.

Results: accuracy of descriptions stayed same no matter how many times asked to recall. Unlike Bartlett's pps who changed stories with every telling.

Conclusion: memories for familiar events won't change over time

Craik & Lockhart (1972)…