Maintaining Biodiversity

In Situ Conservation: within the natural habitat

Ex Situ Conservation: out of the natural habitat

Extinct: no organisms of the species exist anywhere in the world

Extinct in the wild: organisms of the species only exist in captivity

Endangered: a species which is in danger of extinction

Vulnerable: species that is considered likely to become endangered in the near future

Sustainable Development: economic development that meets the needs of people today without limiting the ability of future generations to meet their needs

In Situ Conservation:

• Maintains not only the genetic diversity but evolutionary adaptations, as well as preserving the interdependent relationships present in a habitat-in situ conservation is usually cheaper than ex situ

Wildlife Reserves:

• Controlled grazing: only allowing livestock to graze particular lands to allow plant species time to recover
• Restricting human access: not allowing people to visit a beach during seal reproductive season or providing paths to prevent trampling plants
• Controlled poaching: includes creating defences to prevent access, issuing fines or even the removal of rhino horns
• Feeding animals: allows more organisms to survive to reproductive ages
• Reintroduction of a species: adding species to an area that have became locally extinct or numbers have dropped
• Culling/Removal of invasive species: invasive species is not native to that area and has a negative impact on economy, environment or health and compete for resources
• Halting succession: succession is the natural process of early colonising species are replaced until a stable mature population is reaching

Marine Conservation Zones:

• Less well established than terrestrial ones, Lundy Island is the only one in England
• Vital in preserving species-rich areas such as coral reeds
• Purpose is not to prevent fisherman but a place of refuge for populations

Ex Situ Conservation:

Botanic Gardens:

• Plant species…