James' Reign 1603-25
- Created by: jenna howes
- Created on: 06-05-13 11:43
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James
- Came from Presbyterian Scotland
- very well educated but a lack of practical sense
- 'wise and experienced king' - he believed he would have no trouble in England
- he was paranoid after various plots as a child
- very extravagant
- believer in divine right but did not want to be absolutist
Inheritance
- Spanish War in a stalemate
- In debt because of the war
- stable budget in royal household
- subsidies and rent of crown land were not keeping up with inflation
- Cecil as chief minister was competent bu vindictive with personal issues
- puritans hoped for a Presbyterian system to be introduced
- catholics hoped he would loosen penal laws as his mum was catholic
- Parliament were quick to enforce their privileges as parliament in Scotland had very few rights
- the Main Plot tried to replace James with Arabella Stuart - sir Walter Raleigh and others imprisoned
The Overbury Scandal
- 1615-16
- Robert Carr (james' fave) was having an affair with Lady Essex
- Overbury aided the situation
- Lady Essex was granted an annulment from her husband
- Overbury then tried to stop Carr and Essex from getting married
- James got angry at overbury and sent him to the tower of London
- in 1615 lady Essex sent a poison pie to the tower = dead overbury
- Carr and Lady Essex were charged with murder but James pardoned them
- Carr was no longer james' favourite and James and his court lost respect
Rise of Villiers
- From 1618 to 1628 Villiers was the chief minister and therefore the most powerful man
- He was made the duke of buckingham in 1623
- He was in control of patronage which led to the sale of titles which was scandalous and led to wide resentment in the gentry
- He was responsible for foreign policy and changed his mind for peaceful to pro Spanish war
- became just as close with Charles as he had been with James
Factions
- The Howard Faction - led by the earl of Northampton, pro catholic and pro Spanish policies
- Anti-Howard Faction - Led by Abbott the archbishop of Canterbury, wanted an end to James' pro Spanish policies
Finance 1611 to 1616
- Essentially no parliament
- corruption due to Howard influence
- Suffolk - Lord Treasurer - could not stop James overspending
- there was a debt of £160,000
Cockayne Project
- 1615-17 City of London
- A Howard merchant (Cockayne) proposed that England made finished wool in England
- City of London lent James £100,000 to launch the idea
- But he had no money for wool, no expertise in finishing the wool and no contacts to sell it to
- in 1618 there was a collapse of the cloth trade making social distress and export of cloth to northern Europe never reached 1614…
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