Health and Clinical A2 Psychology

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BECKER

111 mothers responsible for their child’s asthma medication, 17-54 mothers 9months-17years kids.

Correlation, interviews, some blood tests.

Positive correlation between believed susceptibility and adherence, perception of seriousness and adherence. Negative between compliance and disruption of daily activities. Marriage and education correlated with adherence.

ROTTER

Review article

Participants who felt they had control over the situation were more likely to show behaviours that would enable them to cope with a potential threat.

Research included showed you will be more successful at quitting smoking if you are male with an internal locus of control.

BANDURA AND ADAMS

10 snake phobic participants, (9F 1M 19-57).

Quasi experiment, pre-assessment and rating, systematic desensitisation, after measured on behaviours and self-efficacy.

High levels of post-test self-efficacy were found to correlate with high interaction with snakes.

COWPE

Field experiment, 10 television areas, 1976-1984.

Two 60s commercials shown on TV, reminders shown to 3 areas, survey, number of chip pan fires.

Largest reduction in fires was during the campaign, areas with more than one channel had less impact, awareness increased, need reminders, less influence if overexposed.

DANNENBERG

47 schools in Howard county, control Baltimore and Montgomery county.7322 kids, 9-10, 12-13, and 14-15.

Questionnaire (likert), quasi, law passed in Howard county.

Helmet use HC 11.4%-37.5%, MC 8.4%-12.6%, BC 6, 7%-11.1%.young children increased usage the most. 87% aware of the law. Legislation is more effective than an educational campaign alone.

JANIS AND FESHBECK

9th grade class US, 14-15.11.

Lab experiment, 1- strong fear, 2-moderate fear, 3- low fear, 4-control- function of the eye. Questionnaire one week before, just after and 1 week after.

Strong 8% increase, med 22% increase, low 36% increase, control 0%, is effective in changing behaviours however the level of fear needs to be tailored to the audience.

LUSTMAN

60 patients with diabetes and depression.

Double-blind study, Fluoxetine (anti-depressant) or placebo, depression and adherence (GHb levels).

Fluoxetine showed lower depression and lower GHb levels showing improved adherence.

BULPITT

Review article on problems with taking drugs for high blood pressure.

Physical and psychological effects

Side effects: Sleepiness, cognition, dizziness and lack of sexual functioning. 8% male stopped due to effect on sexual functioning, 15% withdrew due to side effects. When costs outweigh the benefits people stop adherence to the medication.

WATT

32 Australian children (10M 22F, 1.5-6 years).

Quasi and field experiment,

Questionnaire after each week, repeated measures, normal inhaler and fun haler (spinner + whistle).

38% more medicated their children the previous day when using the fun haler, improved boredom, forgetfulness and enthusiasm.

JOHANSSON

24 workers at a Swedish sawmill 14 high risk production line workers, control 10 cleaners or maintenance workers.

Quasi, Urine (adrenaline levels) everyday on arrival and 4 other times, self-report of mood.

High risk group had double the baseline measurements of adrenaline which continued to increase. Control declined during the day. High risk group felt more irritated and rushed.

KANNER

100 previously completed a survey in 1965, California.

Repeated measures, Hassles rating scale every month, Life events scale after 10 months, assessed

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zahrah

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wow, these are so straight forward and vvvvvvv.good, thank you loads, uve been  helpful