Globalisation, green crime, human rights and state crime

Crime and globalization -

• Held et Al - there has been a globalization of crime
• Catells argues there is a global criminal economy worth £1 trillion per annum.
• This takes many forms - trafficking, cyber crime, drugs, sex tourism

Global risk consciousness -

• Globalization now causes new insecurities or risks.
• The risk is now seen as global rather than tied to certain places.
• On result is tighter border controls.

Globalization, capitalism, crime -

• Marxists - Taylor believes globalization has led to greater inequality 
• TNCS can now switch manufacturing to low wage countries to gain higher profits
• deregulation means governments have little control over their own economies and state spending on welfare has declined. 
• This has produced new crime and rising crime -
• Among the poor, greater insecurity makes people turn to crime 
• Globalization causes large scale crime opportunities 
• new employment can cause crime - flexible workers - working illegally 

Patterns of criminal organization -

1. Glocal organization -

• This is different from Mafia-style criminal organizations of the past.
• Although they have global links, crime is still rooted in its local context

2.McMafia -

• Glenny examed McMafia - Organisations that emerged in Russia and Eastern Europe after the fall of communism 1989. 
• The Russian government deregulated much of the economy, leading to huge rises in food and rent. 

Green…