Genetics

Chromosomes, Genes and DNA 

Inside our cells are chromosomes which are made out of DNA. Our chromosomes contain the information that make us unique. In humans there are 46 chromosomes - 22 of these are in pairs (we got one from mum and one from dad) and the final two are sex chromosomes - ** for females and XY for males

We inherit our chromosomes from our parents; this is why we have characteristics which are similar to our mum and dad. 

Each chromosome is like a recipe book containing genes which are recipies for making various parts of us. Genes basically contain the coding to make a protein and it is protins that our bodies are made out of - skin, hair, blood, saliva and so on are all made out of proteins. 

When you look atone characterisic of an individual such as hair colour, you can see that there can be a variety of different types of gene (such as blonde, brown and black hair). This is because there are sever different versions of the gene for hair colour - the different verisons of the genes are called alleles. Enviroment can affect characteristics as we

Plant Cloning

A clone is a gentically identical copy of an organism. Cloning of plants has been taking place for thousands of years. If you take a cutting of a plant and place it into the ground and start warering it then it will grow into a new plant. As the plant only has one parent, it is genetically identical to it. 

Many plants do…