F321 Definition

 Unit F321: Atoms, Bonds and Groups

Definitions to Learn

1.       Atoms and Electron Structure

Isotopes                                    atoms of an element with different numbers of neutrons and different masses

Relative atomic mass                  average mass of an atom relative to 1/12 of the mass of a carbon-12 atom

Relative isotopic mass                mass of a particular isotope relative to 1/12 of the mass of a carbon-12 atom

Standard measurement RAM       Carbon-12

Orbital                                      a region that can hold up to 2 electrons with opposite spins

1^st ionisation energy                   energy change when one mole of electrons is removed from one mole of gaseous atoms

Successive ionisation energy       energy change when one mole of electrons is removed from one mole of gaseous positively charged ions

2.       Equations and acids

Acid                                          proton donor (H⁺ donor) which releases H⁺ ions in aqueous solution

Base                                         proton acceptor (H⁺ acceptor) which releases OH^- ions in aqueous…