Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic cells

Prokaryotic Cells

• Bacteria and cyanobacteria
• No nuclei found
• Extremely small (less than 5 μm)
• DNA lies free in cytoplasm
• A cell wall is always present
  

Structure + Function

• Plasmid - small circle of DNA
• Capsule - Slimy layer on surface for protection and to prevent dehydration
• Pili - thin, prtoein tubes allow bacteria to adhere to surface
• Flagellum - hollow cylindrical thread-like structure rotates to move the cell
• Ribosome - A very small organelle that floats free in the cytoplasm, the site where proteins are made
• Cell wall - contains peptidoglycan, a type of polysaccharide and polypeptide combined
• Cytoplasm
• Cell surface membrane

Plasmid, capsule, pili and flagellum might not always be present.

Eukaryotic Cells

• All other living organism
• nuclei, mitochondria and chloroplast(only in plants) found 
• Larger (20 μm or more)
• a cell wall is not always present
  

Structure + Function

• Centriole - one pair in every cell, hollow cylinders made up of a ring of nine protein microtubules(polymers of globular proteins arranged in a helix to form a hollow tube). They are involved in the formation of the spindle during nuclear division and in transport within the cell cytoplasm.
• Lysosome - spherical sacs containing digestive enzymes and bound by a single membrane. Involved in the breakdown of unwanted structures within…