ETHNICITY DIFFERENCES AND ACHIEVEMENT EXTERNAL FACTORS

ETHNICITY DIFFERENCES AND ACHIEVEMENT EXTERNAL FACTORS

CULTURAL DEPRIVATION

Intellectual + Linguistic Skills

EMG and low income black = lack adequate stimulation + linguistic development through their socialisation

Poorly equipped for school - haven't developed reasoning and prob solv

Bowker 1968

Lack of standard English creates huge barrier in Ed

Bernstein 1975 - Speech Codes

HOWEVER, Mirza notes how this explanation doesn't explain why Indian pupils do so well.

Attitudes + Values

Diff ethnic groups are socialises into diff attitudes & values.

Chinese & Indian socialised to have pro-school values.

Lack of motivation = main cause of failure in Black children = socialised into subculture = fatalistic 'live for today' = don't value ed

Arnot 2004

Media created negative anti-school role model for Black pupils. 'Ultra-Tough Ghetto Superstar' reinforced through rap lyrics & MTV videos.

Sugarman 1967

Family Structure & Parental Support

'Dysfunctional' familt types are to blame for the underachievement of certain ethnic groups.

Murray 1984

African Caribbean LPF = lack male-role models means that mothers struggle to socialise children adequately... VICTIM BLAMING

Lupton 2004

'Adult Authoritarian' Asian family matches that of the school.

Sewell: Fathers, Gangs & Culture

Not abscence of father role…