Emancipation Provisions and Impact.

Emancipation Provisions and Impact 1861

Provisions

• Released from ties with the landowner.
• Become free men (marry, own a business/property, legal rights)
• Each family (not domestic) could keep cottage and land (amount depended on that available)
• Landlords got compensation for the loss of land 'Government bonds'.
• Peasants had to pay annual redemption dues for 49 years. 
• Serfs remained in the Mir until all payments were complete. Mir distributed land, controlled the farming and collected tax.
• Paid labour service for 2 years before coming free men although landlords couldn't alter their demands. 
• Landowners remained ownership of meadows, pasture and woodland which was farmed by a paid labourer.
• Volosts- local administrative areas of 200- 3,000 people- were established in a number of villages to supervise the Mir.
• Communal courts, some degree of peasant self-government.

Impact

Peasant Gains:

• Land allocations and could buy extra land.
• Kulaks(a peasant rich enough to buy a farm and hire labour) increased estate size and could produce surplus grain to sell for exports.
• Sell land, forfeit rights in the Mir and move to the city.

Peasant Losses:

• Resentment to the redemption…