Electrophilic Addition Mechanism

Electrophilic Addition is a type of addition reaction in which an electrophile is attracted to an electron-rich centre or atom, where it accepts a pair of electrons to form a new covalent bond.

This reaction happens often in the reactions of alkenes due to the electron rich carbon-carbon double bond (C=C). The C=C bond is made up of a sigma bond, which is formed from the overlapping of s-orbitals, and a pi bond, which is made from the sideways overlapping of p-orbitals. The pi bond is…