demography notes

changes to the total population of the united kingdom

• population is large
• growing
• ageing population
• immigration
• falling death rates
• increased life expectancy

the birth rate

• number of births per 1000 of the population over a year

fertility rate

• number of births per 1000 women aged 15 to 44 over a year

the death rate

• number of deaths per 1000 of the population over a year
• has halved since 1900

infant mortality rate

• the number of children under the age of 1 who die in a year, per 1000 live births

falling death rates and infant mortality rates

reasons for falling death rates

• improved nutrition- people have more to eat now, food banks, better quality available, better standard of food hygiene, thus less die from malnutrition and food poisoning
• medical improvements- better basic hygiene, advancements in surgery and treatment, antibiotics, vaccinations
• public health measures/ environments- NHS, PSA's
• other social changes

life expectancy and gender

• on average women live longer than men
• do less…