Cognitive Level of Analysis

Schema theory are organized pattern of thoughts or behavior. They are cognitive structured and they represent someone’s knowledge about objects or other people.Schemas guide our behavior. 

First used by Jean Piaget in 1926 and then by Bartlett in 1932. 

It states that what we already know will influence the outcome of information processing. New information is threfore processes in the light of existing schemas, and they often affect our cognitive process. 

Bartlett 1932 showed how cultural schema can influence memory in his study ‘The war of the ghosts’. He asked participants to read a short story and then they were asked to recall the information in the story more than once at different time intervals. He discovered that the story changes through time, adapting to cultural differences and they change it in order to remember…