Coding, Capacity and Duration of Memory
- Created by: ViviHelp
- Created on: 24-04-21 10:16
The Sensory Memory
It is an automatic processing system. Sensory stimuli elicit a response in the SM; it is the first store of memory.
Coding
Sensory information enter the SM to one of 5 different systems (depending on the type of info). If the information is attended to in the SM it will enter the STM; however, if it is not attended to, it will quickly decay and be forgotten. The echoic store processes auditory information The iconic store processes visual information The haptic store processes tactile information The gustatory store processes taste information The olfactory store processes smell informations
Capacity
The capacity of each sensory store is very large, with the information contained being in an unprocessed format.
Duration
It seems as though all sensory memory stores have limited duration, but the actual duration varies between stores. Crowder found evidence that information will stay in the iconic store for a few milliseconds, but will be held in the echoic store for up to 3 seconds.
The Short-Term Memory
The STM holds information from the SM. It is an active (changing) memory system, as it contains information that is currently being thought about.
Coding
Study: Baddeley
Procedure: Participants were given one of four word lists. Acoustically similar words (eg. cat, cab) or dissimilar (eg. pit, few). Semantically similar words (eg. big, large) or dissimilar (good, hot). They had to rearrange the words into the correct order as they were in the wrong order. Findings & Conclusion: Immediate recall was the worst with acoustically similar words, as they confused…
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