Climate Change Players

International- Megacities, TNCs, Emerging economies, Koyto Protocol, UN, Scientists, Oxfam

Natioanl government, environment agency, research and development, local government

Inernational players- Kyoto Protcol, Greenpeace

Evidence for the tipping point- Siberia from the melting of frozen peat bogs that had remained frozen for thousands of years, Greenland snow was melting 25-30 days longer than normal

Migitation strategies

nuclear power, hydropower, solar, wind, geothermal and bioengergy

Transport- fuel efficent vechiles- cleaner diseal vehciles, public transport, cycling and walking

buildings- efficient lighting and efficient heating, improved insulation, intelligent lighting

industry- material recycling

agriculture- improve rice cultivation techniques

afforestation and reforestation

wate- recucling, controllef waste water treatment, compost organic waste, landfill methane recovery

Adaption strategy

expanded rainwater harvesting water storage, water re use, irrigation efficiency, desalination

Agriculture- soil protection

infrastrucure- sea walss and barriers, creation of marsh lands act as a buffer against flooding

human health- emergancy sevices improved sanitation

toursi,- shifting ski slopes

transport- design and planing roads

energy- strengthing infrastructure

European Emissions Trading Scheme

Outline- 2007 EU targets for 2020 to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 20%

carbon offsetting which set targets and government 14 000 factories credits to emit certain amounts of carbon

Aims- cut emissions- limit total amount

polluters to pay- buy credits if pollute to much sell credits if less

create incentives for companies to invest in cleaner technology

effectiveness- manufacturing companies move out of Europe fall in demand for credits mean cheaper to pollute than to switch to greener fuel, polluters not absorbing the price of credits orginally credits given out for free

low…