Class and Education

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Many early studies mainly focused on white working class boys who resisted to education and school. Early conclusions suggested that these working class youths were resisting as they saw there future in the workplace (usually manual labour and blue collar jobs) and did not see the point of trying to succeed at school.Paul Willis concluded this also in the 1970's after studying a small group of boys from a comprehensive school.

Willis' study was incredibly influential and it concluded that there were two main groups of pupils the 'ear'oles' and the lads. The first were academically successful and mocked for that as being feminine. The lads were those who were resisting and were more concerned with reinforcing their working class masculinity.

It has been suggested that the middle classes tend to be more pro-school partly due to parental support. Lees study in particular recgonised this of middle class white girls. Hatcher suggests the reason why working…

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