Chapter 1: Cell Biology

1.1 Looking at cells

Plant cells- sub-cellular structures

The nucleus:

• controls the activitiesof the cell
• contains deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
• the DNA is organised into chromosones.

The cell membrane:

• controls the passage of substances into and cut of the cell.

The cytoplasm:

• is where most of the chemical reactions in the cell take place.

The vacuole:

• is sourrounded by a membrane and fluid filled
• the fluid is called cell sap
• vacuoles are permanent structures in plants.

The chloroplasts:

• are found in plant cells above ground
• contain chlorophyll that absorbs the light the plant needs for photosynthesis.

The cell wall:

• is an additional layer outside the cell membrane
• …