CAUSES OF THE 1848 REVOLUTIONS IN ITALY

Long term causes:

• resentment from the 1815 Vienna Settlement and what was implemented
• reactionary monarchs imposing their absolute laws
• increase church power, in education books and censorship
• the increase of middle classes meant more people fought for revolution and change within the country, under Napoleon the M/Cs had liberty and meritocracy, freedom of speech but once Napoleon was removed, the old laws were introduced
• there was still resentment from the early revolutions especially since Austria was one of the main causes for defeating the revolts

Short term causes:

• a new liberal pope was appointed in 1846
• Pius IX proved his liberalism by releasing 2000 political prisoners as well as creating a Constulta which advised the pope
• in 1846-7 there were terrible…