C7- Organic Chemistry

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  • Created by: Bootsy
  • Created on: 19-03-18 17:20

Hydrocarbons

Hydrocarbons only contain Hydrogen and Carbon atoms.

Alkanes= the simpliest type of hydrocarbon you can get. They are a homologous series which is a group of organic compounds that react in a similar way. They are saturates compounds which means that each carbon atom forms four single convalet bonds.

Alkanes have all c-c single bonds.

The first four alkanes are...

Methane CH4

Ethane C2H6

Propane C3H8

Brutane C4H10

Hydrocarbons properties change as the chain gets longer...

1. The shorter the carbon chain, the more runny a hydrocarbon is.

Hydrocarbons with smaller chains are also more volatile (they have lower BP).

Also the shorter the carbon chain the more flammable the hydrocarbon is.

Complete combustion occurs when there plent of oxygen...

1. The complete combustion of any hydrocarbon in oxygen releases lots of energy. The only waste products are carbon dioxide and water vapour

HYDROCARBON + OXYGEN --> CARBON DIOXIDE + WATER (+ ENERGY)

During combustion both carbon and hydrogen from the hydrocarbon are oxidised. Hydrocarbons are used for fuels due to the amount of energy released when they combust completely.

Fractional Distillation

Crude oil is made over a long period of time because it is formed from the remains of dead plants and animals that died millions of years ago. Over millions of years with hig temperature and high pressure the remains turn to crude oil which can be drilled up from the rocks where its found.

Crude oil is a finite resource as it takes so long to

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