C2- structure and properties

giant ionic structures

• a ionic structure where there are many strong electrostatic forces
• they are solids at room temp because of the forces
• a lot of energy is needed to break the bonds
• high MP and BP
• when ionic compoud has bbeen metled the delocalised electrons are free to move and carry charge so the liquids can conduct electricity

simple molecules (covalent)

• simple molecules have very little attraction for eachother because the bonds only act between atoms within the molecule
• substances made of simple molecules have low MP and BP 
• they do not conduct electricity because no free electrons and have no overall charge so cannot carry electricity
• forces between molecules are called weak intermolecular forces

giant covalent structures

• atoms of some element can form several covalent bonds
• these atoms can join and form giant covalent structures (macromolecules)
• the bonds need huge amounts of energy to break down the lattice so have high MP
• in a diamond every carbon atom is covalently bonded to four other carbon atoms making the structure har and transparent
• in graphite carbon is covanlently bonded to three other carbon atoms so the structure has layers with weak bonds between them so they can slide- one electron in this bond is delecolised allowing graphite…