BY1.2 - Cell Organelles

Cell Organelles

Nucleus:

• Controls all cell activiity
• Retains chromosmes
• Bound by a double membrane -  the nuclear membrane and nuclear envelope
• Nuclear pores allow the transport of mRNA and nucleotides
• Contains cytoplasm like amtrial - nucleoplasm
• Contains chromatin 
  • made up of coils of DNA bound to proteins 
  • makes RNA which is needed to produce ribsomes 

Mitochondria:

• Inner membrane is folded into cristae
• Organic matricx contains chemical compounds
• The site of aerobic respiration
• Some reactions occur in the matrix, others in the inner membrane 
• Cristae increase teh surface area on which the respiratory processes occur
• Function: to produce emnergy in the form of ATP 

Endoplasmic Reticulum:

• Systme of flattened membranous sacs
• Sluid filled spaces betwen the membranes are calles cisternae
• Connetcs with the nuclear membane and may link to the golgi body
• Cavities are connected and allow the transport of material through the cell
• 2 types:
  • Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum:
    • Ribosomes on the outer surface
    • Function: transporting protines made by ribosomes 
    • Present in cells that make enzymes that can be secreted 
  • Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum:
    • Membrane that lacks ribosomes
    • Fucntion: synthesis and transport of lipids 

Ribosomes:

• Made…