Bruner

Bruner thought of cognitive development in terms of modes of representation:

The enactive mode

• Dominant in babies, who first represent or understand the world through their actions.
• Knowledge is stored as 'muscle memory'.
• When we learn to ride a bike, knowledge is represented in our enactive mode - we can't learn to ride based on people showing or telling us what to do.

The iconic mode

• Represents knowledge through visual or auditory likeness, images or icons.
• Baby can acquire object permanence in this mode.
• Once children are dominated by their mode, they can represent fairly large amounts of information.
• However, children dominated by their…