Biology B3 - Proteins and mutations

Proteins

• Proteins are made from long chains of different amino acids.
•  Enzymes are a type of protein that speeds up the chemical reactions inside cells. 
• Each type of enzyme does a specific job. 
• Enzymes work best at optimum temperatures and pH values. 
• Mutations can affect the ability of a protein to work properly.
• Proteins are polymers

Enzymes

• Enzymes are biological catalysts – protein molecules that speed up chemical reactions.
• The shape of an enzyme determines how it works.
•  If an active site is changed enough in a protein substate's won't be able to fit in them anymore, at that point you would call the protein 'denatured'. Denaturing can happen at high temperatures and at extreme pH values.
•  Enzymes have active sites that substrate molecules (the substances involved in the chemical reaction) fit into when a reaction happens.
• he mechanism involved is called the 'lock and key' mechanism.
• Enzymes work best at particular temperatures…