B2 1.1 - Animal and Plant Cells

Notes from AQA Book:

Most cells have:

• a Nucleus to control the cell's activities.
• Cytoplasm where many chemical reactions take place.
• a Cell Membrane that controls the movement of materials in and out of the cell.
• Mitochondria where energy is released during aerobic respiration.
• Ribosomes where protein synthesis takes place.

Plant and algal cells have all the ones above but they also have:

• a rigid Cell Wall made of cellulose for support.
• Chloroplasts that contain chlorophyll for photosynthesis; the chloroplasts absorb light energy to make food.
• a Permanent Vacuole containing cell sap.

Algae are simple aquatic organisms which have many features similar to plant cells.

Key Points:

• Most human cells, like most animall cells, contain a nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane, mitochondria and ribosomes.
• Plant and algal cells contain everything in an animal cell, plus many also contain chloroplasts and a permanent vacuole filled with sap.
• Plant cells are different from animal cells because they…