Anaerobic respiration

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  • Absence of oxygen
  • Neither the Krebs or electron transfer chain can continue because soon all the FAD and NAD will be reduced
  • No FAD or NAD will be available to take up the H+ produced during the Krebs cycle and so the enzymes stop working
  • This leaves only the anaerobic process of glycolysis as a potential source of ATP
  • The replenishment of NAD is achieved by the pyruvate molecule from glycolysis accepting the hydrogen from reduced NAD
  • The oxidised NAD produced can then be used in further glycolysis

Production of ethanol in plants and some microorganisms:

  • Occurs in organims such as bacteria and fungi (yeast)
  • The pyruvate molecule formed at the end of glycolysis loses a molecule of crabon dioxide and accepts hydrogen from reduced NAD to produce ethanol

pyruvate + reduced NAD -> ethanol + carbin dioxide + oxidised NAD

Production of lactate in animals:

  • Occurs most commonly in muscles as a result

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